JAPKO brake pads (510322) deliver consistent stopping power through a friction compound engineered for low noise, reduced brake dust, and stable bite across a wide temperature range. The pad compound characteristics — for OE number: 31471471, Fitting Position: Rear Axle, Length [mm]: 99 mm, Width [mm]: 48, Carbon mm — are selected to balance progressive pedal feel with minimal wear on mating discs. Designed as a direct replacement for VOLVO applications, these pads slot into the original caliper bracket without modification. Cross-references OE part numbers: 05P2061, 07010299, 0 986 424 996, 0 986 460 142 and 89 more. JAPKO brake friction products are validated in independent dynamometer tests and are used by authorised service centres throughout Europe. Brake pads typically need replacing every 25,000–50,000 miles, depending on driving style, vehicle weight, and whether you drive mostly in urban stop-start traffic or on open roads. Watch for squealing or grinding noises when braking, increased stopping distances, a pulsating brake pedal, or a brake warning light on your dashboard — any of these signals that the friction material is worn to its minimum thickness. Brake pad replacement is a moderate DIY job requiring basic hand tools, a jack, and axle stands — allow approximately 1–2 hours per axle for a first-time installer, less if you have experience with caliper removal. When choosing brake pads, look for ECE R90 approval (mandatory for road use in Europe), copper-free formulations for environmental compliance, and a shim or anti-squeal backing plate for quiet operation. Replacing brake pads promptly prevents scoring and heat damage to the more expensive brake discs, saving significantly on repair costs in the long run. Every part is dispatched with tracked delivery and a 14-day money-back guarantee with hassle-free returns.